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Haben Fesseha
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Wolaita Sodo University, Wolaita Sodo, Ethiopia
Publications
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Review Article
Vaccine Epidemiology, Evaluation, and Constraints of Vaccine Effectiveness: A Review
Author(s): Habtamu Endale*, Saliman Aliye, Haben Fesseha and Mesfin Mathewos
Vaccines are all biological substances produced from living things, administered to trigger the host’s body defense system to develop immunity against a specific pathogen from which they are produced. They are produced either from the whole organism or parts of it. There are several types of vaccines like live virulent, live attenuated, inactivated (killed), subunit, toxoid, sero-vaccine, and autogenous vaccine. Vaccines work by stimulating either humoral or cellmediated immunity or both to differentiate. Even though vaccination is the powerful and cost-effective weapon of disease prevention and control of infectious and diseases, there are factors those, hinder its effectiveness (constraints of vaccine effectiveness). These factors are technical constraints, pathogen-related constraints, vaccine related factors, host-related and environmental and management-related constraints... View more»