Department of Microbiology, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom
Dr. Abbas Muhammad has extended his valuable service for many years and has been a recipient of many award and grants. His international experience includes various programs, contributions and participation in different countries for diverse fields of study. His research interests reflect in his wide range of publications in various national and international journals.
Research Article
Phenotypic and Genotypic Differences in Invasive and Non-Invasive Strains of Streptococcus pneumoniae
Author(s): Fariha Altaaf* and Abbas Muhammad
Streptococcus pneumoniae (S. pneumoniae) is a human pathogen and a major cause of mortality and morbidity
throughout the world. Streptococcus pneumoniae is the causative agent of otitis media, pneumonia, meningitis and
bacteremia. Children, elderly and patient with compromised immune system are at a higher risk to attain infection
by these bacteria. According to immunochemistry of their capsular polysaccharide, S. pneumoniae has divided into
more than 90 serotypes. Many surface proteins are present on S. pneumoniae e.g. surface protein A, pneumolycin,
hyaluronate lyase etc. The capsule is a major virulent factor for pneumococci and it prevents the bacteria from
phagocytosis by host’s immune system. Some antigenic determinants have also studied for their potential to prompt
a protective immune response in different.. View more»