Journal of Bioequivalence & Bioavailability

Abstract

Giant Cell Arteritis after COVID-19 Vaccination along with Immuno-Pathogenesis of this Entity

Kazumi Fujioka*

The previous report described the new-oncet autoimmune phenomena following COVID-19 vaccine, suggesting that the molecular mimicry, autoantibodies production, and the certain vaccine adjuvants contribute to induce the authoimmune phenomena. Giant Cell Arteritis (GCA) is regarded as the autoimmune and auto-inflammatory disease and some reports of GCA after COVID-19 vaccine have been provided. The recent report has described the generalized morphea after COVID-19 vaccination along with characteristic nature of spike protein, suggesting that the development of severe type may be attributed to the molecular mimicry along with IFN-1 immune response. In this article, current knowledge and trends of GCA after COVID-19 vaccination along with immune-pathogenesis of GCA have been reviewed. Regarding immune-pathogenesis for GCA, the abnormal immune response derived from aged immune system and altered aging vascular status such as senescent endothelial cell and vascular smooth muscle cell may contribute to induce the development of GCA. The result provided that all patients showed the positive findings of halo sign on ultrasound or temporal artery biopsy described in the 2022 American College of Rheumatology/EULAR classification criteria for GCA. The development of GCA following COVID-19 vaccination may be attributed to the molecular mimicry along with IFN-1 immune response in old predisposed individuals.

Published Date: 2023-10-03; Received Date: 2023-07-26