Clinical microbiology is a branch of medical science focused on the study and diagnosis of infectious diseases caused by microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites. Clinical microbiologists employ laboratory techniques to isolate, identify, and characterize pathogens from patient samples, including blood, urine, and tissue. Through these analyses, they help clinicians determine the most effective treatments and control the spread of infections. Clinical microbiology plays a critical role in healthcare by contributing to the accurate diagnosis of infectious diseases, guiding appropriate antimicrobial therapy, and aiding in the prevention and control of infectious outbreaks in clinical settings.