Journal of Tropical Diseases & Public Health

What differentiates trauma related disorders; A retrospective cohort study utilizing a large novel database to establish radiologically and morphometrically differences between functional Neurological Disorder and Post Traumatic Stress Disorder

35^th International Conference on Public Mental Health and Neurosciences

November 18-19, 2024 | Paris, France

Emily Lowery

Kings College London, UK

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Trop Dis

Abstract:

Functional neurological disorders (FND) are debilitating disorders of the nervous system, causing motor, sensory & cognitive impairments which are among the most common neurological disorders. Psychosocial adversities such as stressful life events, interpersonal difficulties, childhood maltreatment and psychological traumas are well-established risk factors for FND (1), yet a mechanistic gap remains in the integration of neurobiological and psychosocial models of the disorder (2-4). Previous Imaging studies in FND patients report changes in brain networks, however results are heterogeneous and fail to include both healthy controls and disease controls (5). A lack of research investigating the mechanistic differences between FND and trauma- related disorders such as post-traumatic stress disorder remains. This project utilized a novel real-world database containing clinical structural Magnetic Resonance Images (MRI) on 12,548 patients referred to the UK’s largest mental health trust between January 2008-2022. 58 FND and 53 PTSD patients were obtained with full reports. Analysis of artificial intelligence (AI) extracted data from the radiology reports of patients was done using Chi-squared analysis. A whole brain analysis was conducted for volumetric differences at a group level between patients’ groups and healthy controls. Results: There were no significant differences in the radiology report extractions reports between FND and PTSD patients. There was a significantly increased volume in the bilateral cerebellum white matter of FND patients compared to both PTSD and healthy controls (MD= 1368.311, p<0.001) (MD= 1128.794, p<0.001). They also had significantly increased volume of the right thalamus compared to healthy controls (MD=262.529, p=0.014), but not compared to PTSD patients. Conclusion: Radiology report extractions are not indicative of a clinical FND or PTSD diagnosis. Morphometric differences in the cerebellum white matter need more robust investigation, including the role of confounders such as anxiety and depression to establish whether cerebellum white matter could be a marker for differentiating trauma-related disorders.

Biography :

Emily Lowery is a researcher at King's College London, UK, specializing in trauma-related disorders. Her work focuses on understanding the distinct characteristics and diagnostic challenges of conditions such as Functional Neurological Disorder (FND) and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Emily is currently leading a groundbreaking retrospective cohort study that utilizes a large, novel database to explore radiological and morphometric differences between these two disorders. Her research aims to improve the understanding of the pathophysiology of FND and PTSD, with a particular focus on how structural and functional brain changes correlate with the symptoms of each condition.