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Universal influenza vaccine research and development updates
13th Annual Congress on Vaccines, Therapeutics & Travel Medicine: Influenza & Infectious diseases
December 01-02, 2016 Atlanta, USA
Melvin Sanicas and Merlin Sanicas
Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, USA
Ateneo School of Medicine and Public Health, Philippines
Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Vaccines Vaccin
Abstract:
The frequent mutation of the flu virus strain has rendered the current influenza vaccines only viable for one season and the next season they become useless. The vaccines are reformulated every year in order to match the new form of strains that appear each season. These vaccines are also ineffective at preventing a pandemic flu in case of an outbreak. A pandemic flu is very unpredictable and it spreads quickly through the human population. Annual influenza epidemics are estimated to result in about 3 to 5 million cases of severe illness and about 250,000 to 500,000 deaths. These deaths could well rise into millions in case another influenza pandemic breaks out. The trivalent influenza vaccines are made with subtypes H3N2 and H1N1 and a virus in type B that matches the circulating strains. The current vaccines may sometimes have the capacity to provide protection from matching viruses but have limitations that presents the need to manufacture new vaccines each season. These concerns have led to research into producing a universal influenza vaccine that can protect against a wider range of influenza viruses. In the recent few years, many concepts of producing a universal vaccine that used the part of the virus that does not mutate as much hemagglutinin changes easily, whereas the stem remains relatively unchanged. The most advanced concepts are those that involve T cell stimulation (Matrix 1 and Nucleoprotein protein antigen) and M2e (ectodomain of M2). Several concepts have passed the phase two trials and this review presents an overview of the current research and development efforts.
Biography :
Email: melvin.sanicas@gmail.com