Clinical Microbiology: Open Access

Quorum sensing and biofilm formation

3^rd Global Microbiologists Annual Meeting

August 15-17, 2016 Portland, Oregon, USA

Samer M Al-Hulu

Al-Qasim Green University, Iraq

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Clin Microbiol

Abstract:

Quorum sensing (QS) is a process which included communication between bacterial cells, also involved production, deletion and response for extracellular signaling molecules which called autoinducer (AI). AI is due to accumulation of bacterial and the density increased and changing in their cell number and altering in gene expression. Quorum sensing control genes having more benefits when groups of bacteria acting in synchrony. There are three types of quorum sensing system which includes LuxI/LuxR type which is found in Gram negative bacteria which uses acyl-homoserine lactones (AHL) as a signal molecules, oligopeptide-two component-type which is found in Gram positive bacteria which uses small peptide as signal molecules and LuxS encoded autoinducer 2 (AI-2) quorum sensing which is found in both Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria. There are many examples about biofilm formation by QS system such as Lux-dependent system which mediate biofilm formation in S. pneumonia, Com CDE system which is responsible for biofilm formation in Streptococcus mutans, AI play an important role in oral cavity biofilm for Streptococcus gordonii as well as the etiology of dental caries Streptococcus mutans. AI stimulates biofilm formation and changes its architecture by stimulating flagellar motility via quorum sensing regulator MqsR which act through the two component motility regulatory system QseBC. The recent finding showed that AI-2 regulate biofilm formation in Actinomycetemcomitans, through QseB system. The formation of biofilm in P. aeruginosa is coordinated by QS pathway which involves the transcriptional regulator LasR and RhIR system and the signal QS molecules: C12HSL(N-C3- oxododecanoyl-HSLlactone)=OdDHL) andC4-HSL [ N-butanoyl-L-HSL].

Biography :

Samer M Al-Hulu is currently working as an Assistant Professor of Microbiology. He has completed his PhD from Babylon University, College of Science. He has published more than 14 papers in microbiology field. He has obtained training at Ministry of Health at Laboratory of Babylon Maternity and Children Hospital. He is presently working at Al-Qasim Green University, College of Food Science.

Email: alhulusamer@ymail.com