Journal of Nanomedicine & Nanotechnology

Polyoxometalates (POMs) cytotoxic and antiviral effect on human cells in vitro

Nanotechnology Congress & Expo

August 11-13, 2015 Frankfurt, Germany

Lopatina O A1, Mezentzeva M V1, Suetina I A1, Isaeva E I1, Gushina E A1, Baklanova O V1, Russu L I1, Dalidchik F I2 and Kovalevskyi S A2

Poster-Accepted Abstracts: J Nanomed Nanotechnol

Abstract:

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are stable metal-oxide inorganic compounds. Their structure and electronic properties can be lightly modified. They are one of the perspective products of nanotechnology in medicine and bioengineering, including antiviral and antitumor drug development. Objective: To investigate POM?s cytotoxic, antiviral, and immunomodulatory activity on cells culture. Materials & Methods: POMs samples (H3PW12O40; H3PMo12O40, H4SiW12O40; H4SiMo12O40, H3(PW12O40)H2O) were investigated on human embryo fibroblast (HEF) cells, bone marrow cell from leukaemia patient (L-41), human lung carcinoma cells (? 549). Culture media with 10% fetal calf serum was used for cell culture. MTT test was applied for POM?s cytotoxic studying. Growthregulating activity was evaluated by proliferation index (PI). Influenza A virus (?3N2- ?\Aichi\68) was used for investigation of POMs antiviral effect. Cells morphology was examined by light, electron (EM) and atomic-force microscope (AFM). POMs effect on immune system was measured by cytokine gene expression of IL-1?, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-?, INF-?, INF-?, INF-?, INF ?? RNA by RT-PCR method. Results: POMs samples of interest showed different effect on cells structures. The most toxic effect had H4SiW12O40; H4SiMo12O40 samples. ?3PW12O40, H4SiW12O40, H4SiMo12O40 samples caused reduction of growth-regulating activity and destructive changes cells morphology. Hematoxylin-eosin staining method in light microscope (eye lens 10 ? field lens 40) was used to investigate cells morphology. Dystrophic changes of cells structure with necrosis elements were detected after H3PW12O4 exposure. Even complete failure of cells was found after H4SiW12O40; H4SiMo12O40 addition. These changes were proven by EM and AFM investigation. H3PMo12O40 and H4SiW12O40 samples showed antiviral effect: influenza A virus (?3N2- ?\Aichi\68) infectious activity reduced by 2lg and more. POMs immunomodulatory activity showed that test samples promoted activation of INF-?, IL-18, TNF-?, IL-1?, IL-8 gene transcription in HEF cells. These cytokines are responsible for cell and macrophage components of immune system. Polyoxometalates activated cytokine gene expression of INF I II III (INF-?/?, INF-?, INF-?). All samples activated TNF-? gene expression, which is involved in antitumor and antiviral immunity. It has cytotoxic and cytolytic effect on certain tumors. So, tested POM samples can be probably effective in tumor treatment. Conclusion: POMs samples of interest showed different effect on cells structures and influenza H3N2 viral particles. POMs reduced viral load. These effects probably depended on their chemical structure. The most toxic effect had H4SiW12O40; H4SiMo12O40 samples. They caused destructive changes in morphology structures, seen in AFM. Obtained results in vitro demonstrated that POMs based drug development could be perspective in complex or monotherapy of viral infections, autoimmune, neurological and oncology diseases.