Brain Disorders & Therapy

Overlap syndrome: Obstructive sleep apnoea in COPD

Joint Event on 3^rd International Conference on Neuropsychiatry and Sleep Medicine & 8^th International Conference on Neurology and Brain Disorders

September 21-22, 2018 | Philadelphia, USA

Himender Makker

University College London, UK

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: Brain Disord Ther

Abstract:

Smoking rates (20%) remain high in the UK and COPD rates are increasing, partly due to improved recognition. It???s estimated that 10% UK population has COPD. Similarly, 26% of adults are obese in the UK and obesity rates are rising. Prevalence of severe obesity has doubled in the last 20 years. Obesity rates in COPD are higher than matched controls. Obesity is the main risk factor for obstructive sleep apnoea. Use of corticosteroids, smoking, and changes in fluid distribution further increase the risk of sleep apnoea in COPD. While low body weight and reduced REM sleep in COPD has a protective effect on sleep apnoea. At least 1% of the population has both COPD and OSA (Overlap syndrome). During sleep changes in upper airways, respiratory muscle function and chemical control of breathing adversely affect COPD. Effects of reduction in the respiratory drive during sleep are exaggerated in COPD and lead to hypoventilation and hypoxia. COPD adversely affects sleep by prolonging sleep latency, causing sleep fragmentation and reducing SWS and REM sleep. In patients with overlap syndrome combination of the obstructive ventilatory defect, alveolar hypoventilation, and obstructive sleep apnoea lead to hypoxia, hypercapnia and sleep fragmentation. This adversely affects the quality of life and increases mortality. In symptomatic patients, CPAP therapy appears to improve outcomes. However, CPAP therapy can worsen breathlessness prior to sleep onset impacting on compliance. PSG is not needed to adequately establish patients with COPD-OSA on positive airway pressure therapy. Auto-titrating devices offer the potential to enhance comfort and compliance.

Biography :

E-mail: himendermakker@gmail.com