Journal of Petroleum & Environmental Biotechnology

Isotopic creation of new materials

2^nd International Conference on Petrochemistry and Chemical Engineering

March 06, 2023 | Webinar

Vladimir G Plekhanov

Fonoriton Sci Lab, Estonia

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: J Pet Environ Biotechnol

Abstract:

Materials are important to mankind because of the benefits that can be derived from the manipulation of their properties. Examples include electrical conductivity, dielectric constant, magnetization, optical transmittance, strength and toughness. All of these properties originate from the internal structures of the materials. Structural features of materials include their types of atoms, the local configurations of the atoms, and the arrangements of these configurations into microstructures. Successful studies of the last five decades of the isotopic effect in solids [1] have made it possible to create a new branch of classical materials science - isotopic materials science [3]. Here, the new degree of freedom is the isotopic composition of the mass of the particles forming the material. The latter causes a global change in the properties of the material - direct measurement of the microscopically characteristics of electron excitations, phonons and their interactions indicates the isotopic creation of new materials. Neutron(s) activation of substances with a small atomic number leads to very large changes in the macroscopically characteristics of elementary excitations. These changes are so great that they make it possible to speak of the isotope substitution method as the creation of new materials. The use of such new objects allows the investigate of not only the isotope effects in diffusion and lattice dynamics (vibrational, elastic, and thermal properties but also the influence of such effects on the electronic states via electron - phonon coupling (the renormalization of the band - to band transition energy Eg). The thermal conductivity enhancement in the isotopically enriched materials (C, Ge, Si) amounts to almost 10% at room temperature and is close to a factor of six at the thermal conductivity maximum around 20K (Si - case). The change in the lattice constant is Δa/a ~10-3- 10-4, while the change Δcik in the elastic constants amounts to several percent. Very pronounced and general effects of isotope created new materials have in phonon spectra (isotope shift the LO phonon frequency line exceeds 100 cm-1). Isotopically generated materials allow: 1. Further study of the foundations of quantum chromodynamics. 2. Get the maximum value of the strong interaction constant (for example, in LiD it is equal αs = 2.4680). 3. New mechanism of mass acquisition, for example, in graphene. 4. Development of computing processors for quantum computers. 5. Isotopically medicine. This report reviews of recent research work on preparation and remarkable properties of (isotope) isotope mixed systema, covering wide range of topics from physics of elementary particles physics, materials science to engineering applications, including quantum information and quantum computers. Recent publications: 1. Plekhanov, V. (2022). Isotopic Effect – Macroscopic Manifestation of the Strong Nuclear Long-Range Interaction. Atomic Energy. 131(1-2). 1-6. 2. V.G, Plekhanov. (2021). Remarkable Properties of Isotope Effect. Journal of Physics & Optics Sciences. 1-6. 3. Plekhanov, V. (2020). Non - Accelerator Observation of the Long - Range Strong Nuclear Interaction. Journal of Physics & Optics Sciences. 1-5.

Biography :

Vladimir G Plekhanov has graduated from Tartu State University (Estonia). He obtained Ph.D (physics and mathematics) 1972 as well as Doctor of Science (physics and mathematics) 1982 – both degrees from Tartu State University. He is author more than ten monographs in different field of physics and informatics. Main interest field: the origin of the mass and nature of the residual strong nuclear interaction as well as science of the new materials.