Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination

Is there a future in vaccine development for rheumatoid arthritis?

13^th Annual Congress on Vaccines, Therapeutics & Travel Medicine: Influenza & Infectious diseases

December 01-02, 2016 Atlanta, USA

Charles J Malemud

Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, USA

Posters & Accepted Abstracts: J Vaccines Vaccin

Abstract:

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), an autoimmune disease, arises from defective innate and adaptive immunity. Synovial joint inflammation develops from enhanced migration of activated T- and B-lymphocytes, and other cells to synovial joints as well as from deregulated resident synovial fibroblast proliferation contributing to �??apoptosis-resistance�?�, subchondral bone erosion and articular cartilage destruction. Inflammation is also driven by an increase in serum and synovial fluid levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and adhesion proteins. The etiology of RA continues to be obscure. However, recent advances in unraveling the RA autoimmune response provided evidence for the existence of anti-cyclic citrullinated antibodies (ACPA) even before RA ensues. This suggested a potential for developing a prophylactic vaccine for RA. ACPA are pathogenic and were produced in association with the HLA-DRB1 shared epitope and the PTPN22 1858T allele. Ongoing studies have examined potential vaccine strategies for RA. These included anti-cytokine and anti-autoreactive T-cell vaccines and a vaccine construct composed of autologous immunomodulatory dendritic cells which were altered by inhibiting NF-κB and then treated with 4 citrullinated peptide antigens. This vaccine has already completed a phase-I safety trial. Another vaccine exploited the endocytic receptor, DEC205 on dendritic cells to induce immune tolerance. A category of vaccines involving pcDNA-CCOL2A1 was also tested. Normal rats were immunized with pcDNA-CCOL2A1 which caused an increase in TGF-β while decreasing interferon-γ and TNF-α. Future studies employing various immunotherapeutic vaccine strategies will be required if we are to ever incorporate such a prophylactic strategy into the overall management of undifferentiated arthritis and RA.

Biography :

Email: cjm4@case.edu