Brain Disorders & Therapy

Involvement of calcium-dependent signaling in the axotomy-induced death of satellite glial cells

3^rd International Conference on Neurological Disorders and Brain Injury

April 18-19, 2017 London, UK

Anatoly B Uzdensky, Khaitin A M and Rudkovskii M V

Southern Federal University, Russia

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Brain Disord Ther

Abstract:

Neurons and satellite glia mutually support survival of each other, but signaling processes that control their life and death after axotomy (AT) are insufficiently explored. We used a simple model object- axotomized crayfish mechanoreceptor consisting of single sensory neuron surrounded by glial envelope. Control: Undamaged mechanoreceptor that saved connection with abdominal ganglion. Necrosis and apoptosis of glial cells increased at 8 hours after AT when death of neurons was not detected yet. 3-fold increase in [Са2+]o induced glial apoptosis in axotomized but not control samples. Unexpectedly, glial necrosis decreased in 3[Са2+]o, but increased in (1/3)[Са2+]o. Inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum Ca-ATPase (SERCA) by thapsigargin induced glial apoptosis after AT but not in control. Calcium ionophore ionomycin induced glial apoptosis both after AT and in control samples. Fluphenazine, inhibitor of calmodulin did not influence glial apoptosis, but induced glial necrosis. Dantrolene and ochratoxin A that release Ca2+ from endoplasmic reticulum stimulated AT-induced glial apoptosis but not necrosis. The blockage of mitochondrial permeability pores with cyclosporine A, which prevented calcium release from mitochondria, reduced cell death. Thus, AT combination with high [Са2+]o or with activation of pathways increased [Са2+]i induced apoptosis of glial cells. Decrease in [Са2+]o, inhibition of SERCA, calmodulin, or Ca2+ ionophore promoted glial necrosis. Blockage of mitochondrial permeability pores protected glia from axotomyinduced death. So, axotomy induces necrosis and apoptosis of satellite glial cells and Ca2+ is involved in the detrimental effect of AT.

Biography :

Anatoly B Uzdensky is a Head of the Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology at Southern Federal University, Russia. He completed his PhD and Doctor of Science Degree in Physiology and Biophysics in 1980 and 2005, respectively. He is the Author of about 120 journal papers and four books. His current research interests include Neuroscience, Neuro-degeneration and Neuroprotection, Stroke, Cell-signaling and Proteomics.

Email: auzd@yandex.ru