Health Care : Current Reviews

Effects of diabetes mellitus in pregnancy on the outcome of pregnancy: Macrosomia and related complications

8^th Global Conference on Nursing and Healthcare & 5^th Annual Conference on Diabetes and Endocrinology

JUNE 28, 2022 | WEBINAR

Adewole Abimbola Dorcas

Obafemi Awolowo University, Nigeria

Scientific Tracks Abstracts: Health Care Curr Rev

Abstract:

Fetal macrosomia is defined as a birth weight ≥4,000g and may affect 12% of newborns of normal women and 15–45% of newborns of women with diabetes mellitus (also called Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, GDM) The increased risk of macrosomia in GDM is mainly due to the increased insulin resistance of the mother. In GDM, a higher amount of blood glucose passes through the placenta into the fetal circulation. As a result, extra-glucose in the fetus is stored as body fat causing macrosomia, which is also called ‘large for gestational age’. This paper reviews studies that explored the effects of GDM and fetal macrosomia as well as macrosomia-related complications on pregnancy outcomes in order to be able to provide prompt interventions to have good maternal and fetal health and reduce the number of babies that are referred to intensive care unit. Summary: Fetal macrosomia is a common adverse infant outcome of GDM if unrecognized and untreated in time. For the infant, macrosomia increases the risk of shoulder dystocia, clavicle fractures and brachial plexus injury and increases the rate of admissions to the neonatal intensive care unit. For the mother, the risks associated with macrosomia are cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage and vaginal lacerations. Infants of women with GDM are at an increased risk of becoming overweight or obese at a young age (during adolescence) and are more likely to develop type II diabetes later in life. Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnancy, Outcome of Pregnancy, Macrosomia, Related Complications.

Biography :

She is a student at Obafemi Awolowo University.