Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination

Avian influenza virus new phases of old disease: A review

6^th Euro Global Summit and Expo on Vaccines & Vaccination

August 17-19, 2015 Birmingham, UK

Faisal Siddique, Muhammad Shahid Mahmood, Iftikhar Hussain, Syied I Ahmad, Maida Manzoor and Asif Iqbal

Posters-Accepted Abstracts: J Vaccines Vaccin

Abstract:

Poultry industry is the second largest industry of the Pakistan however, the major constraints of the industry are diseases
particularly Avian Influenza also called Bird flu. Avian Influenza is caused by Avian influenza virus (AIV) belongs to
Orthomyxoviridae family. The genome of this virus comprised eight segments and mutation of these segments resulted in
the re-emergence of new variants. On the basis of antigenic properties AIV is classified into 16 HA and 9 NA resulting in
144 subtypes. There are two types of AIV on the basis of pathogenicity LPAI and HPAI among these subtypes H5, H7 and
H9 are highly pathogenic. Infection occurs in wide variety of avian species including village as well as commercial poultry.
It is transmitted through direct and indirect methods. In Pakistan, in North-West Frontier Province 1993 first outbreak was
reported in chickens later on reoccurrence of this disease in 1995 to 2003 caused heavy loss in poultry sector. Towards the
end, it is concluded that these genetic variations results in the re-emergence of new outbreaks that lead to panzootic infection.
Poultry farmers, farm workers and veterinarian are at high risk to this disease.