Global Journal of Biology, Agriculture & Health Sciences

The Role of Proteases in Human Digestive System

Peng Gao^* Department of General Surgery, China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, China
^*Correspondence: Peng Gao, Department of General Surgery, China Medical University, Heping District, Shenyang, China, Email:

Received: 02-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. GJBAHS-22-16381; Editor assigned: 04-Mar-2022, Pre QC No. GJBAHS-22-16381 (PQ); Reviewed: 15-Mar-2022, QC No. GJBAHS-22-16381; Revised: 25-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. GJBAHS-22-16381 (R); Published: 02-Apr-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2319-5584.22.11.128

About the Study

The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the appurtenant organs of digestion (the lingo, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the enzyme proteases breakdown of food into lower and lower components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body. The process of digestion has three stages the cephalic phase, the gastric phase, and the intestinal phase.

The organs that take in food and liquids and break them down into substances that the body can use for energy, growth, and towel form. Waste products the body cannot use leave the body through bowel movements. The digestive system includes the mouth, pharynx (throat), esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. It also includes the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas, which make digestive authorities and enzymes that help the body condensation food and liquids called gastrointestinal system. A major digestive organ is the stomach. Within its mucosa are millions of bedded gastric glands. Their concealment are vital to the functioning of the organ.

The mouth is the first part of the upper gastrointestinal tract and is equipped with several structures that begin the first processes of digestion. These include salivary glands, teeth and the lingo. The mouth consists of two regions; the entranceway and the oral depression proper. The entranceway is the area between the teeth, lips and cheeks, and the rest is the oral depression proper. Utmost of the oral depression is lined with oral mucosa, a mucous membrane that produces slicking mucus, of which only a small quantum is demanded. Mucous membranes vary in structure in the different regions of the body but they all produce slicking mucus, which is either buried by face cells or further generally by underpinning glands.

Saliva moistens and softens food, and along with the biting action of the teeth, transforms the food into a smooth bolus. The bolus is farther helped by the lubrication handed by the saliva in its passage from the mouth into the esophagus. Also of significance is the presence in slaver of the digestive enzymes amylase and lipase. Amylase starts to work on the bounce in carbohydrates, breaking it down into the simple sugars of maltose and dextrose that can be further broken down in the small intestine.

The diaphragm is an important part of the body's digestive system. The muscular diaphragm separates the thoracic depression from the abdominal depression where utmost of the digestive organs are located. The suspensory muscle attaches the thrusting duodenum to the diaphragm. This muscle is allowed to be of help in the digestive system in that its attachment offers a wider angle to the duodenojejunal flexure for the easier passage of digesting material.

The gall bladder is a concave part of the biliary tract that sits just beneath the liver, with the gallbladder body resting in a small depression. It's a small organ where the corrosiveness produced by the liver is stored, before being released into the small intestine. Corrosiveness flows from the liver through the corrosiveness tubes and into the bitterness bladder for storehouse. The corrosiveness is released in response to cholecystokinin a peptide hormone released from the duodenum.

The lower gastrointestinal tract includes the small intestine and all of the large intestine. The intestine is also called the bowel or the gut. The lower gastrointestinal tract starts at the pyloric sphincter of the stomach and homestretches at the anus. The small intestine is subdivided into the duodenum, the jejunum and the ileum. The cecum marks the division between the small and large intestine. The large intestine includes the rectum and anal conduit.

In the small intestine, the proteases enzyme balances the pH becomes pivotal; it needs to be finely balanced in order to spark digestive enzymes. The chime is veritably acidic, with a low pH, having been released from the stomach and needs to be made much more alkaline. This is achieved in the duodenum by the addition of corrosiveness from the bladder combined with the bicarbonate concealment from the pancreatic conduit and also from concealment of bicarbonate-rich mucus from duodenal glands known as Brunner's glands.

In the large intestine, the passage of the digesting food in the colon is a lot slower, taking from 30 to 40 hours until it's removed by defecation. The colon substantially serves as a point for the turmoil of digestible matter by the gut foliage. The time taken varies vastly between individualities. The remaining semisolid waste is nominated feces and is removed by the coordinated condensation of the intestinal walls, nominated peristalsis, which propels the excreta forward to reach the rectum and exit via defecation from the anus. The wall has an external sub caste of longitudinal muscles, the taenia coli, and an inner layer of circular muscles.