Diabetes Case Reports

Significance of iGlarLixi in Enhancing Glycemic Control in People with Type 2 Diabetes

Elisabeth Shehadeh^* Department of Endocrinology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy
^*Correspondence: Elisabeth Shehadeh, Department of Endocrinology, University of Bari Aldo Moro, Bari, Italy, Email:

Received: 02-Jan-2024, Manuscript No. DCRS-24-24859; Editor assigned: 05-Jan-2024, Pre QC No. DCRS-24-24859(PQ); Reviewed: 19-Jan-2024, QC No. DCRS-24-24859; Revised: 26-Jan-2024, Manuscript No. DCRS-24-24859(R); Published: 02-Feb-2024, DOI: 10.35841/2572-5629.24.9.199

Description

iGlarLixi is a combination of two medications, insulin glargine and lixisenatide. Insulin glargine is a long-acting insulin that helps lower blood sugar levels by replacing the insulin that the body normally produces. Lixisenatide is a Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist that helps lower blood sugar levels by stimulating the release of insulin, slowing the absorption of glucose from the gut, and reducing the appetite. iGlarLixi is injected under the skin once a day, usually before the first meal of the day. The dose of iGlarLixi is adjusted based on the individual's blood sugar level, medical condition, and response to treatment. iGlarLixi is used to treat type 2 diabetes, a chronic condition that occurs when the body does not produce enough insulin or use it properly, leading to high blood sugar levels. High blood sugar levels can cause serious complications, such as heart disease, kidney disease, nerve damage, and eye damage. iGlarLixi is indicated for adults with type 2 diabetes who are not adequately controlled on basal insulin (less than 60 units daily) or lixisenatide. iGlarLixi is not recommended for people with type 1 diabetes or diabetic ketoacidosis, a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that occurs when the body breaks down fat for energy and produces high levels of acids called ketones.

The role of hyperglycemia in iGlarLixi is to determine the dose and the response of the medication. The dose of iGlarLixi is adjusted based on the individual’s blood sugar level, medical condition, and response to treatment. The higher the blood sugar level, the higher the dose of iGlarLixi needed to achieve glycemic control. The response of iGlarLixi is measured by the reduction of blood sugar levels and the achievement of glycemic targets, such as HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose, and postprandial glucose. iGlarLixi can effectively reduce hyperglycemia and improve glycemic control in people with type 2 diabetes who are not adequately controlled on basal insulin or lixisenatide. iGlarLixi can lower both fasting and postprandial glucose levels, and provide greater glycemic improvement than either component alone. iGlarLixi can also reduce the risk of hypoglycemia and weight gain, which are common concerns for people with diabetes.

iGlarLixi has been shown to be effective in lowering blood sugar levels and achieving glycemic targets in clinical trials. In a phase 3 trial, iGlarLixi was compared with insulin glargine or lixisenatide alone in 736 adults with type 2 diabetes who were inadequately controlled on metformin with or without a second oral antidiabetic drug. The results showed that after 30 weeks, iGlarLixi significantly reduced the average hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a measure of long-term blood sugar control, by 1.6% compared with 0.9% for insulin glargine and 0.6% for lixisenatide. iGlarLixi also significantly increased the proportion of patients who achieved the HbA1c target of less than 7%, which was 55% for iGlarLixi, 30% for insulin glargine, and 19% for lixisenatide. iGlarLixi also improved other measures of blood sugar control, such as fasting plasma glucose and postprandial glucose. iGlarLixi has a favourable safety profile and is generally well tolerated. The most common side effects of iGlarLixi are hypoglycemia, nausea, nasopharyngitis, and upper respiratory tract infection. Hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, can cause symptoms such as sweating, shaking, hunger, headache, dizziness, confusion, irritability, or weakness. Hypoglycemia can be treated by eating or drinking something that contains sugar, such as glucose tablets, juice, candy, or milk.

Conclusion

Severe hypoglycemia can cause loss of consciousness, seizures, or death, and may require emergency medical attention or an injection of glucagon, a hormone that raises blood sugar levels. Nausea, or feeling sick to the stomach, can be mild or moderate, and usually occurs within the first 2 weeks of treatment. Nausea can be reduced by taking iGlarLixi with food, drinking plenty of fluids, and avoiding spicy or fatty foods. Nasopharyngitis and upper respiratory tract infection are common infections that affect the nose, throat, and airways. They can cause symptoms such as runny nose, sore throat, cough, fever, or headache. They can be treated by resting, drinking fluids, and taking over-thecounter pain relievers or decongestants.