Journal of Surgery and Anesthesia

Prevention of Surgical Site Infection Undergoing in Patients with Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery

Zahra Nasseh^* Department of Perioperative Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
^*Correspondence: Zahra Nasseh, Department of Perioperative Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden, Email:

Received: 29-Aug-2022, Manuscript No. JSA-22-18463; Editor assigned: 01-Sep-2022, Pre QC No. JSA-22-18463 (PQ); Reviewed: 15-Sep-2022, QC No. JSA-22-18463; Revised: 22-Sep-2022, Manuscript No. JSA-22-18463 (R); Published: 29-Sep-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2684-1606.22.06.188

About the Study

Heart bypass surgery creates a new pathway, called a bypass that allows blood and oxygen to bypass the blockage and reach the heart. Coronary artery bypass surgery diverts blood through part of a blocked or partially blocked artery in the heart. In this procedure, a healthy blood vessel is removed from the leg, arm, or chest and placed below and above the blocked artery of the heart. New pathways improve blood flow to the heart muscle. General anesthesia is administered before surgery. During the operation, the patient will be asleep (unconscious) and not in pain. Once unconscious, a cardiac surgeon will make an 8-10 inch (20.5 cm - 25.5 cm) surgical incision through the center of the chest. Cut away the sternum to create an opening. This allows the surgeon to see the heart and aorta (the main blood vessels that lead from the heart to the rest of the body). Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG) is a procedure used to treat coronary artery disease. Coronary Artery Disease (CHD) is the narrowing of the coronary arteries, the blood vessels that carry oxygen and nutrients to the heart muscle. CAD is caused by the accumulation of fatty material within the walls of arteries. This buildup narrows the interior of the arteries, limiting the supply of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.

Heart bypass surgery is done when a surgeon removes a blood vessel from another part of the body to bypass or bypass a blocked artery. As a result, more blood and oxygen flow back to the heart. This is the most common open heart surgery in the United States. Most people achieve excellent results and live symptom-free for 10 years or more. Bypass surgery treats symptoms of coronary artery disease. This happens when a waxy substance called plaque builds up in the arteries of the heart and prevents blood and oxygen from reaching the arteries. The conditions most likely to lead to CABG are coronary artery disease, a constellation of conditions that includes heart attack and coronary artery disease. Other coronary artery disease conditions include angina, which is chest pain caused by ischemia of the heart, and asymptomatic myocardial ischemia, which is cardiac ischemia without symptoms. Unfortunately, in the early stages of coronary artery disease, there may be no symptoms, but the disease continues to progress until enough arteries are blocked to cause symptoms and problems. A further reduction in the blood supply of the heart can lead to a heart attack. If blood flow to the affected area of the heart muscle cannot be restored, the tissue dies.

Coronary artery bypass surgery usually takes 3 to 6 hours. However, it may take longer depending on the number of attached blood vessels. Blood vessels can be harvested from the leg (saphenous vein), chest (internal mammary artery), or arm (radial artery). Other blood vessels in these areas can compensate for the loss of these blood vessels after surgery. Survival rates vary by hospital and it also depends on age and other factors. For example, according to the national Medicare experience, mortality after bypass surgery is 95% higher in people aged 65 to 69, and about 89.4 in people aged 80 and older. Another study of about 10,000 heart surgery patients found that more than 90% of the patients were alive five years after the surgery. Most people have a lower risk of complications during or after planned heart bypass surgery. Coronary artery bypass graft healing takes time and the speed of recovery varies from person to person. Generally, a child can sit in a chair in one day, walk in three days, and climb stairs in five to six days. Most people make a full recovery within 12 weeks after surgery.