Journal of Clinical & Experimental Pharmacology

Morphine: A Narcotic Drug Uses and it’s Adverse Effects

Mohammad Aisha^* Department of Pharmacy, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
^*Correspondence: Mohammad Aisha, Department of Pharmacy, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates, Email:

Received: 20-Oct-2022, Manuscript No. CPECR-22-19453; Editor assigned: 24-Oct-2022, Pre QC No. CPECR-22-19453(PQ); Reviewed: 07-Nov-2022, QC No. CPECR-22-19453; Revised: 14-Nov-2022, Manuscript No. CPECR-22-19453(R); Published: 23-Nov-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2161-1459.22.12.340

Description

Morphine is addictive, especially with long-term use. Take morphine when it is prescribed by doctor. While a person is taking morphine, it is important to understand duration of treatment and pain management options. If a person has consumed large amounts of alcohol, or used street drugs or prescription drugs excessively or has depression that person or the family members have to inform doctor before prescribing this medication. Morphine can cause serious or lifethreatening respiratory problems, especially during first 24 to 72 hours of treatment and each time the dose is increased. If doctor will closely monitor patient during treatment, doctor will carefully adjust dose to control pain and reduce risk for patients of serious breathing problems. If a person have slow breathing or have asthma or people having lung disease such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD; a group of lung diseases that includes chronic bronchitis and emphysema), head trauma, brain tumors, or conditions inform to the health practitioner if they prescribed morphine for treatment. It increases the amount of pressure in person’s brain. If person is elderly or if a person is weakened or malnourished due to illness, person may be at a higher risk of developing breathing problems [1,2].

Morphine belongs to a group of drugs called narcotic analgesics. It acts on the central nervous system to relieve pain. Morphine extended release capsules and tablets should not be used when pain relievers are needed only for a short period of time during surgery. Intravenous morphine will be given for rapid control of severe cancer pain. An indicator of opioid sensitivity is drowsiness without analgesic effect indicates low opioid sensitivity.

Side effects may occur that usually do not require medical attention. If a person feels anxiety, confusion, decreased interest in sexual intercourse, delusions, depersonalization, and difficulty having a bowel movement (stool), false or unusual sense of wellbeing, hallucinations, and headache consult doctor [3]. Along with its needed effects, a medicine may cause some unwanted effects. More common side effects by using this drug is troubled breathing, irregular, fast or slow, or shallow breathing, pale or blue lips, fingernails, or skin, shortness of breath, Blurred vision, convulsions, decrease in frequency of urination, difficulty in passing urine, dizziness, faintness when getting up suddenly from a lying or sitting position, painful urination.

Although not all of these side effects may occur, if they do occur they may need medical attention. Morphine is used to relieve moderate to severe pain. Morphine extended-release tablets and capsules are only used to relieve severe pain that cannot be controlled with other pain relievers. Morphine belongs to a class of drugs called opiate (narcotic) pain relievers. It works by changing the way person brain and nervous system respond to pain. If person has been told to take tablet of morphine and forgot to take that medication then the missed dose can be taken as soon as person remember and do not take the next dose at usual time. Instead, wait the same interval of time between doses as person normally would take before. If a person forgot to take medication, don’t take two doses at same time [4,5].

Conclusion

Naloxone is used to reverse the life-threatening effects of an overdose of morphine. It works by blocking the effects of opiates to alleviate the dangerous symptoms caused by high levels of opiates in the blood. Doctor may also prescribe naloxone if someone is abusing it.

References

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