Journal of Microbial & Biochemical Technology

Impact of Pesticides use In Agriculture

Dereddy Mamatha Department of Pharmacy, Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India
^*Correspondence: Dr. Dereddy Mamatha, Department of Pharmacy, Sri Indu Institute of Pharmacy, Hyderabad, India, Email:

Received: 12-Oct-2020 Published: 30-Oct-2020, DOI: 10.35248/1948-5948.20.12.443

Introduction

Pesticides are the substances that are used for destroying the insects and other harmful organisms that are harmful to the cultivating plants and the animals. The pesticides are of many types they include herbicide, molluscicide, insecticides nematicide, piscicide, avicide, insect repellent, bactericide, animal repellent, rodenticide, antimicrobial, and fungicide.

These pesticides have many advantages and disadvantages lets discuss about them in detail

Advantages

Plant disease control: Insects acts as vector for the transmission of many diseases in plants. Insecticides are used to control the vector borne diseases and kill the insects.

Food Quality: They increase the quality of food. It observed that eating a diet containing the farm fresh fruits and vegetables far overweigh the risk than the diet containing very low residues of these pesticides/insecticides

Crop Yield: In the field most of the crop yield is damaged by the weeds and the harmful organisms. Mainly the rice yield is damaged by the weeds although many practices were done to reduce the weed control. These weeds reduce the crop yield to 40-50%. Herbicides are used to control the weed growth without impacting the crop yield and by increasing the crop yield to its full extent.

Disadvantages

Ground Water Contamination: It is a worldwide problem that is contamination of the ground water due to the used of these pesticides. During a survey many samples were collected from the handpumps and wells and were tested for the traces of these pesticides. It may take many years for the ground water to be cleaned and it may be very costly too.

Soil Contamination: While spaying these pesticides to the crops most of the residues of the pesticides remain on the ground there by contaminating the soil. Due to this some of the pesticides are banned due to their harmful effects on the soil but their residues are still present in the soil still now.

Environmental Contamination: due to the increasing use of the pesticides air is getting contaminated because some of the residues stay in the air there by decreasing the air quality. It is also found that the pesticide residues are also present in the rain, fogg.. etc.

Impact on humans: Although the pesticides have increased the production of food and has stopped the vector borne diseases. This has resulted in serious health issues to the humans and the environment. Some of the harmful chemicals present on the food lead to potential risks and many side effects.

Conclusion

Herby I can conclude that the pesticides have its own advantages and the disadvantages, but the disadvantages weighed more when compared to the advantages. Thereby we can reduce the risk by opting the biological techniques for controlling the pests.