Journal of Membrane Science & Technology

Heterogeneous Catalysis Using Ion Exchange

Antonio Morays^* Department of Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Federal de Minas Gera’s, MG, Brazil
^*Correspondence: Antonio Morays, Department of Sanitation and Environmental Engineering, Universidad Federal de Minas Gera’s, MG, Brazil, Email:

Received: 29-Dec-2021, Manuscript No. JMST-22-261; Editor assigned: 31-Dec-2021, Pre QC No. JMST-22-261(PQ); Reviewed: 14-Jan-2022, QC No. JMST-22-261; Revised: 17-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. JMST-22-261(R); Published: 24-Jan-2022, DOI: 10.35248/ 2155-9589.12.1.261

About the Study

Ion Exchange (IE) is a reversible interchange of 1 type of ion present on an insoluble solid with some other like charge present in a solution surrounding the solid with the response being used mainly for making water demineralized, the purification of chemical compounds and separation of substances.

Ion Exchange (IE) is generally describes a technique of purification of aqueous solutions using solid polymeric ion-exchange resin. More precisely, the term includes a large type of techniques where ions are exchanged between electrolytes. A side from its use to purify drinking water, the technique is widely applied for purification and separation of a variety of industrially and medicinally important chemicals. Although the term usually refers to applications of synthetic or man-made resins, it can include many different materials including soil.

Typical ion exchangers are ion-change resins of gel polymer, zeolites, clay, and soil humus. Ion exchangers are cation exchangers, which exchange positively charged ions cations, or anion exchangers, who exchange negatively charged ions (anions). There are also amphoteric exchangers which are capable of exchange both cations and anions simultaneously. However, the simultaneous exchange of cations and anions is frequently performed in combined beds, which include a combination of anion exchange and cation exchange resins, passing the solution through several different ion- exchange materials.

Ion exchangers can have binding options for certain ions, depending on the physical properties and chemical shape of both the ion exchanger and ion. This can be dependent on the size, and structure of the ions. Common examples of ions that can bind to ion exchangers are: Organic bases, usually molecules containing the amine functional group −NR2H+. Bio-molecules that can be ionized: amino acids, peptides, proteins, etc.

Ion exchange describes a specific chemical method in which unwanted dissolved ions in water and wastewater like fluoride, sulfate, and arsenic are exchanged for different ions with a similar charge. Ions are atoms containing a total number of electrons that are not equal to the total range of protons. There are two different groups of ions: one is positively charged cations and second one is negatively charged anions. Which he devised based on cations’ enchantment to cathodes and anions’ attraction to anodes in a galvanic device.

Ion-exchange reaction, any of a class of chemical reactions between substances each consisting of positively and negatively charged species is known as ions that includes an exchange of one or more ionic components. Ions are groups of atoms, which bear a positive or negative electric charge. Ion exchange structures are used for efficient removal of dissolved ions from water. IE exchange one ion for another, maintain it temporarily, and then release it to a regenerate solution. In an ion exchange system, undesirable ions in the water supply are changed with more acceptable ions.

Ion exchangers are natural substances for example, deliberately synthesized resins containing positive ions or cation exchangers and negative ions anion exchangers that exchange with those ions in solution having a greater affinity for the exchanger. Ion exchange is an adsorption technique which occurs when there is equilibrium between a fixed number of ions on the resin phase and ions in solution. The concentrations in the solution and resin stages may be expressed in the structure of mole fractions. Ion Exchange (IE) is a water therapy technique generally used for water demineralization, but it is also used to remove different substances from the water in techniques which includes DE alkalization, DE nitrification, and dis infection.