Gerontology & Geriatric Research

Editorial Note on Frailty Syndrome in Geriatric Patients

Ramel Jonsson^* Faculty of Geriatrics, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
^*Correspondence: Ramel Jonsson, Faculty of Geriatrics, National University Hospital of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland, Email:

Received: 21-Jul-2021 Published: 31-Jul-2021

Editorial

Frailty syndrome in the elder people is defined by a gradual decrease in the physiological reserve, increasing sensitivity to stresses and poor health outcomes include repetitive falls and injuries, hospitalisation, or gradual impairment. Even with different definitions, numerous operating concepts of frailty in population research for older individuals have been broadly recognised and verified. Fried and colleagues describe this frailty phenotype as an energy-induced condition with five key clinical characteristics poor grip strength, sluggish speeds, little physical activity, self-reported weight loss and self-reported fatigue.

A frail state occurs when three or more of those clinical properties are fulfilled and when one or two requirements are met a prefrail condition is present. Another frequently used instrument to measure frailty and to design frailty as a risky condition defined by age-related accretion of impairments is the Frailty Indice (FI), created by Mitnitski and colleagues. The FI assesses the risk of fragility in older individuals by taking account of impairments across a variety of medical issues, including symptoms and signs, daily activities (DLAs) and device ADLs, illnesses, physical and psychosocial risk factors, as well as regular geriatric syndromes. Age related multisystem accumulation of physiological decline is included in all these definitions. The idea is that the total of these impairments lead to the development of clinical outcomes that are unfavourable. In addition, frail older individuals classified with these terms have enhanced clinical effects, including deteriorating mobility, ADL discapacity, increased falls, hospitalisation and death due to physiological reserve depletion.

Many similarities exist between frailty syndrome and chronic diseases, including a higher prevalence in older persons, concomitant multi-morbidities and impairments, and a general tendency toward increasingly severe disease states during the course of the illness. Furthermore, frailty and chronic diseases provide patients and caregivers with a common set of obstacles, including dealing with persistent symptoms, mental anguish, disability and functional loss, complex medical regimens, challenging lifestyle adjustments, and receiving helpful medical treatment. As a result, therapeutic therapy of frailty in older persons should combine novel and effective aspects of chronic illness care.

Frailty syndrome is a clinical condition characterised by increasing multi-systemic decline, decreased physiological reserve and ability to cope with acute stress, and increased unfavourable health consequences. Poor clinical events, such as recurring falls and injuries, frequent hospitalisation, or growing disability, can present doctors with indications that a patient is frail. In contrast to these late signs, frailty in its early stages is frequently clinically undetectable. While several frailty screening techniques have been created and validated, and several have been explored in several population and biological investigations, no single definition of frailty has gained widespread acceptance and incorporation into clinical practise. This is attributable, in part, to disparities in frailty conceptualization. Some view frailty to be a physiological condition connected to age-associated multisystemic impairments, whereas others see it as an accumulation of functional deficits, illness states, and cognitive decline.