Diabetes Case Reports

Common Causes of High Blood Sugar and their Complications in Organ Damage

Tomer Matthias^* Department of Medicine and Diabetes Research, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany
^*Correspondence: Tomer Matthias, Department of Medicine and Diabetes Research, Humboldt University of Berlin, Berlin, Germany, Email:

Received: 02-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. DCRS-23-20872; Editor assigned: 04-Jan-2023, Pre QC No. DCRS-23-20872(PQ); Reviewed: 18-Jan-2023, QC No. DCRS-23-20872; Revised: 25-Jan-2023, Manuscript No. DCRS-23-20872(R); Published: 01-Feb-2023, DOI: 10.35841/2572-5629.23.8.146

Description

High blood glucose is a condition that affects people who have diabetes. It means that there is too much sugar (glucose) in the blood. It can be caused by several factors, such as eating too many carbohydrates, skipping or forgetting medication, infection, illness, stress, or lack of exercise. It can cause symptoms such as thirst, headache, blurred vision, frequent urination, fatigue, weight loss, and slow-healing wounds. It can also lead to serious complications if not treated, such as nerve damage, organ damage, ketoacidosis, or Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Syndrome (HHNS).

Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are both chronic diseases that affect the way your body regulates blood sugar or glucose. However, they have different causes, risk factors, symptoms, and treatments. These are some of the early symptoms of high glucose that can help you identify and treat it right away. If high glucose is not treated, it can cause more serious symptoms and complications, such as ketoacidosis or organ damage.

There are several ways to reduce blood glucose levels, such as:

• Taking insulin or other medication prescribed by your doctor.

• Eating a balanced diet that limits simple carbohydrates and includes complex carbohydrates, fiber, protein, and healthy fats.

• Drinking plenty of water to stay hydrated and flush out excess glucose.

• Exercising regularly to improve insulin sensitivity and burn glucose.

• Managing stress levels and getting enough sleep to avoid hormonal imbalances that affect blood glucose.

These are some of the natural methods that can help lower blood glucose levels. However, if you have severe or persistent hyperglycemia, you should seek medical attention as soon as possible. Normal blood sugar levels vary by age and whether you have diabetes or not. Blood sugar levels are measured in Milligrams per Deciliter (mg/dL) or Mill Moles per Liter (mmol/L). The following table shows some of the general ranges for different age groups and diabetes status. These are general guidelines and may vary depending on individual factors, such as health conditions, medications, and lifestyle habits. You should consult your doctor for your specific blood sugar targets and how to monitor them regularly.

HbA1c is a blood test that measures the percentage of hemoglobin (a protein in your red blood cells) that has glucose (sugar) attached to it. Hemoglobin carries oxygen from your lungs to the rest of your body. When your blood sugar levels are high, more glucose sticks to your hemoglobin. HbA1c reflects your average blood sugar levels over the past two to three months. HbA1c is important because it can help diagnose and monitor diabetes and prediabetes. Diabetes is a condition where your body does not make enough insulin or uses it properly, leading to high blood sugar levels. Prediabetes is a condition where your blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be diagnosed as diabetes. If you have diabetes or prediabetes, your doctor will recommend a target HbA1c level based on your age, health conditions, and other factors.

Conclusion

Unsafe levels of blood sugar can be caused by various factors, such as eating too much or too little carbohydrates, skipping or taking too much medication or insulin, infection, illness, stress, or lack of exercise. It is important to monitor your blood sugar levels regularly and seek medical attention if they are too high or too low. Monitor your carbohydrate intake is the main source of glucose in your diet, so limiting them can help prevent high blood sugar levels. You can lower your HbA1c level by following a healthy diet, exercising regularly, taking medication as prescribed, and checking your blood sugar levels often. Both diabetes and prediabetes can increase your risk of serious health problems, such as heart disease, kidney disease, and nerve damage. HbA1c can show how well you are managing your blood sugar levels over time.