Health Care : Current Reviews

Brief Note on Infectious Diseases and it’s Causes

William Mark^* Department of Health and Kinesiology, Columbia University, Columbia, United States
^*Correspondence: William Mark, Department of Health and Kinesiology, Columbia University, Columbia, United States, Email:

Received: 04-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. HCCR-22-15274; Editor assigned: 06-Jan-2022, Pre QC No. HCCR-22-15274; Reviewed: 20-Jan-2022, QC No. HCCR-22-15274; Revised: 24-Jan-2022, Manuscript No. HCCR-22-15274; Published: 31-Jan-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2375-4273.22.10.274

Description

Infectious diseases can be caused by infectious microorganisms. Usually these are bacteria, viruses, fungi, or worms / helminthes. Under normal circumstances, if the host’s immune system is fully functional, symptoms of the disease may not appear. Infections occur when the host’s immune system is compromised or when infectious pathogens overwhelm the immune system. Most infectious diseases are caused by bacteria, viruses, protozoa, helminthes, rickettsia, and fungi.

Study design

At this stage, little mention is made of effective preventive measures or cures for infectious diseases, and medical research has focused primarily on explaining the natural history of clinical syndromes and processes, rather than cures.

People with a week immune system have a high risk of infections and severe symptoms.Bacteria and virus cause infections.The risk of certain types of infections. High-risk people include those who have been treated for cancer, those who have recently had an organ transplant, those with weakened immunity, and those who have not been vaccinated against common infections may increase.

People traveling to high-risk areas that may be exposed to mosquitoes that carry pathogens such as malaria, dengue virus, and Zika virus.

Symptoms of infectious diseases

The symptoms of an infection are specific to the type of illness. For example, influenza includes fever, chills, constipation, malaise, muscle aches, and headaches. Other infections include bloody diarrhoea, fever, dehydration, and vomiting.

Infectious diseases spread in many ways. Often, the disease is transmitted to the new host by direct contact with the sick person, either by touching the skin (including sexual contact) or by touching something that others are touching. Contact with body fluids such as blood and saliva also spreads the infection. Some illnesses are transmitted by droplets from the sick person’s body when coughing or sneezing. These droplets stay in the air for short periods of time, landing on the skin of healthy people and being inhaled into the lungs.

In some cases, infections are transmitted in the air with small particles over a long period of time. Healthy people inhale these particles and later get sick. Only certain illnesses, such as tuberculosis and the rubella virus, are transmitted by air. Infectiousness can be prevented by vaccines.

Vaccines can be used to prevent many common infections such as hepatitis, diphtheria, influenza and shingles. The CDC has updated vaccination recommendations for children, adolescents, and adults. It is also important to consult a travel clinic before traveling abroad to ensure that you are protected. Avoid contact with sick people and share personal belongings with them.

Infectious diseases can be caused by infectious microorganisms. Usually these are bacteria, viruses, fungi, or worms / helminthes. Under normal circumstances, if the host’s immune system is fully functional, the symptoms of the disease will not occur. If the host’s immune system is compromised, disease-causing organisms can also pass through indirect contact. Many bacteria can remain inanimate, such as table tops, doorknobs, and faucet handles.

For example, if you touch a doorknob touched by a person who has the flu or a cold, you can pick up the bacteria left by that person. Then, if you touch your eyes, mouth, or nose before washing your hands, you can get infected.

Antibiotics may not be effective against certain infections. Gonorrhea, a sexually transmitted disease that affects both men and women, is usually treated with antibiotics. Recently, doctors have identified drug-resistant strains of the bacteria that cause gonorrhea. These resistant strains are much less likely to respond to antibiotic treatment. It is important to seek treatment from a doctor who can help you find the right treatment for a stubborn infection.

Conclusion

Infectious disease specialists can practice in both hospitals (inpatients) and clinics (outpatients). In hospitals, infectious disease specialists recommend appropriate diagnostic tests to identify the source of infection and recommend appropriate treatment to ensure timely diagnosis and treatment of acute infections. Treat- ment by Prescription of antibiotics to treat bacterial infections. For certain types of infectious diseases, the involvement of an infectious disease specialist can improve treatment outcomes. At the clinic, infectious disease specialists can provide long-term care for patients with chronic infectious diseases such as HIV / AIDS.