Clinics in Mother and Child Health

Birth Defects of Child during Pregnancy

¹Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America
^*Correspondence: Fabio Becker, Department of Health Systems and Population Health, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, United States of America, Email:

Received: 04-Mar-2022, Manuscript No. CMCH-22-16403; Editor assigned: 07-Mar-2022, Pre QC No. CMCH-22-16403(PQ); Reviewed: 25-Mar-2022, QC No. CMCH-22-16403; Revised: 01-Apr-2022, Manuscript No. CMCH-22-16403(R); Published: 08-Apr-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2090-7214.22.19.407

Description

A birth defect is a trouble that takes place even as an infant is growing within the mother`s womb. Most birth defects occur at some point of the primary three months of being pregnant.

A birth defect may also have an effect on how the body looks, works, or both. Some birth defects like cleft lip or neural tube defects are structural troubles that may be very easy to have a look. Others, like coronary heart disease, are observed the use of unique tests. Birth defects can vary from slight to extreme. How a birth defect influences a kid's existence relies upon totally on which organ or body component is involved and the way extreme the disorder is.

Causes

For a few birth defects, researchers understand the reason. But for lots of birth defects, the precise reason is unknown. Researchers assume that maximum birth defects are because of a complicated mixture of factors that can consist of,

Genetics: One or greater genes would possibly have an alternate or mutation that stops them from working properly. For example, this takes place in Fragile X syndrome. With a few defects, a gene or a part of the gene is probably missing.

Chromosomal problems: In a few cases, a chromosome or a part of a chromosome is probably missing. This is what takes place in Turner syndrome. In different cases, including with Down syndrome, the kid has an extra chromosome.

Exposures to medicines chemicals or different poisonous substances: For example, alcohol intakes can results fetal alcohol spectrum disorders [2].

Infections at some point of being pregnant: For example, contamination with zika virus at some point of being pregnant is one of the reason for extreme defect within the brain.

Lack of certain nutrients: Not getting sufficient folic acid earlier than and at some point of being pregnant is one key component in inflicting neural tube defects.

Diagnosis

Health care providers can diagnose a few birth defects at some point of being pregnant, the use of prenatal testing. That's why it is crucial to get normal prenatal care.

Other birth defects won't be observed till after the infant is born. Providers may also locate them through new-born screening. Some defects, including club foot, are apparent right away. Other times, the health care providers won't find out a disorder even in existence, while the kid has symptoms.

Treatment

Children with birth defects regularly want unique care and remedies. Because the symptoms and problems of these defects vary, the remedies additionally vary. Possible remedies may also consist of surgery, medicines, assistive devices, bodily therapy, and speech therapy [1].

Often, kids with birth defects needs several services and might needs to show him to numerous specialists. The primary health care center can coordinate the unique care that the kid needs.

Prevention

Not all birth defects can be prevented. However, there are things you can do before and during pregnancy to increase your chances of having a healthy baby.

• Start parental care as soon as you think you are pregnant and consult your doctor regularly during pregnancy.

• Consume 400 micrograms (mcg) of folic acid daily. If possible, you should start taking it at least one month before you become pregnant.

• Do not drink alcohol, smoke or use street drugs [3].

• Talk to your doctor about any medications you are taking or are considering taking. This includes prescription and over-thecounter medications, as well as dietary supplements and herbal supplements [4, 5].

• Learn how to eradicate infection during pregnancy.

• If you have any medical condition, be sure to control them before you become pregnant.

REFERENCES

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