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Editorial - (2021) Volume 7, Issue 2
Association between Antenatal Vulvovaginitis and Birth-Related Perineal Trauma
Adriana Amorim Francisco*Received: 18-Mar-2021 Published: 29-Mar-2021, DOI: 10.35248/2573-4598.21.7.e101
Abstract
Statement of the Problem Birth-related perineal trauma commonly affects women who give birth vaginally and adversely affects postpartum recovery. In general, women who had diagnostic of antenatal vulvovaginitis are more likely to have these injuries; however there is no robust evidence that support such association.
Objective: To identify whether antenatal vulvovaginitis is associated with perineal trauma in normal birth.
Method: A cross-sectional study with 100 primiparous women, at least 18 years of age, who gave birth to a single, live, full-term fetus in vertex presentation at a midwife-led birth center. Data were collected from the antenatal and birth record and by structured interview of the participants.
Results: mean of participants’ age 23.1 years (SD: 4.8), 16% of labor induced with misoprostol, 54% of synthetic oxytocin infusion in labor, 83% of lithotomy birth position, 98% of “hands on” maneuver, 75% of perineal trauma (70.7% first degree and 29.3% second degree laceration), 54% of antenatal vulvovaginitis (42% treated in the antenatal period), mean of newborn birth weight, head and thoracic circumference: 3.102g (SD: 385), 33.3 cm (SD: 1.2) and 32.2 cm (SD: 1.7), respectively. Only the variables antenatal vulvovaginites and newborn birth weight and head circumference were associated with perineal trauma. Women who had antenatal vulvovaginitis were 4.7 more likely to have perineal trauma compared to those without vulvovaginitis, regardless of the newborn birth weight and head circumference. Each increase of 100g in the newborn’s birth weight and 1cm in the head circumference increased by 21% and 51% the chance of maternal perineal trauma in childbirth, respectively. There was no association between treating antenatal vulvovaginitis and perineal trauma or antenatal vulvovaginitis and perineal trauma severity.
Conclusion: It is necessary to prevent antenatal vulvovaginites, as well as to offer special perineal care to women who had antenatal vulvovaginitis and to those who have had or is pregnant with a large baby.
Biography
Adriana Amorim Francisco is a PhD Nursing Midwife working as an Associate Professor, Department of Women's Health Nursing, Paulista School of Nursing, Federal University of São Paulo, and National Instructor of the Zero Maternal Hemorrhage Strategy for the Pan American Health Organization and as an Associate Editor of the Acta Paulista Nursing Journal. She works with research on postpartum care, focused on perineal care, postpartum hemorrhage, and non-pharmacological methods for pain relief, photobiostimulation and cryotherapy
Publications
1. Letouzey V, Bastide S, Ulrich D, Beccera L, Lomma M, et.al Impact of bacterial vaginosis on perineal tears during delivery a prospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2015; 10:013933.
2. Steen M, Diaz M. Perineal tearsa women's health and wellbeing issue. British J Midwifery. 2018; 26:574-584.
3. Han C, Li H, Han L, Wang C, Yan Y. Aerobic vaginitis in late pregnancy and outcomes of pregnancy. Am Fam Physician. 2018; 97:321-329.
4.Pergialiotis V, Vlachos D, Protopapas A, Pappa K, Vlachos G. Risk factors for severe perineal lacerations during childbirth. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2014; 125:6-14.
5. Riesco MLG, Costa ASC, Almeida SFS, Basile ALO, Oliveira SMJV. Episiotomy, laceration and perineal integrity in spontaneous deliveries: analysis of factors associated. Revista Enfermagem UERJ “Sulfhydryl functionalized activated carbon for Pb (II) ions removal: kinetics, isotherms, and mechanism.” J Separation Sci Tec. 2020; 55:77-83.
6. Recyclable glutaraldehyde cross-linked polymeric tannin to sequester hexavalent uranium from aqueous solution. J Molecular Liquids. 2019;281:29-38.
Citation: Francisco AA (2021) Association between Antenatal Vulvovaginitis and Birth-Related Perineal Trauma. J Pat Care 7:e101.
Copyright: © 2021 Francisco AA. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.