Tropical Medicine & Surgery

Analysis of Tropical Medicine Case Reports by Different Strandards from Various Diseases

¹Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga-Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia
^*Correspondence: Bailey Smith, Department of Internal Medicine, Universitas Airlangga-Dr. Soetomo General Hospital, Surabaya, 60132, Indonesia, Email:

Received: 01-Jul-2022, Manuscript No. TPMS-22-17542; Editor assigned: 05-Jul-2022, Pre QC No. TPMS-22-17542 (PQ); Reviewed: 18-Jul-2022, QC No. TPMS-22-17542; Revised: 25-Jul-2022, Manuscript No. TPMS-22-17542 (R); Published: 01-Aug-2022, DOI: 10.35248/2329-9088.22.10.272

Description

Leishmaniasis

Ethiopia is the country with the second highest burden of Visceral Leishmaniasis (VL) after Sudan. North-western Ethiopia alone accounts for 60% of the national burden. Immigrants and seasonal agricultural workers were the most dangerous groups. Sufficient knowledge and attitude towards VL is a precursor to successful disease control. Therefore, this study aimed to determine knowledge and attitudes towards VL and related factors among migrants and seasonal agricultural workers in the western Gondar region of north-western Ethiopia.

Fasciolosis

Fasciolosis is a food-borne fluke infection that is distributed around the world. Fasiola infections have been reported in 81 countries. Fasciolosis is considered by the World Health Organization to be ignored as a zoonotic disease. Two recognized species, Fasciola hepatica and Fasciola gigantia; infect a wide range of mammals, including livestock and humans. The current burden of human infection is unknown. The lack of supporting information from large epidemiological studies and the peculiarities of the Fasciolosis epidemic make it very difficult to estimate the number of infected people and the burden of the disease. It is estimated that 2.4 to 17 million people have been infected worldwide. However, these estimates date back more than 25 years and do not provide the data used to calculate them. It was based on the opinion of experts. The new nature of Fasciolosis and reports of its widespread endemic areas, the number of infections worldwide may exceed previous estimates.

Malaria

According to the World Malaria Report 2020, there will be 241 million malaria cases worldwide (range of uncertainty range from 218 million to 269 million) and 627,000 malaria deaths worldwide in 2020. The range of certainty ranged from 583 to 765,000). The incidence of malaria decreased from 81 in 2000 to 59 in 2015, to 56 in 2019, and then arises again to 59 in 2020. Globally, an estimated 229 million malaria outbreaks occurred in 87 malaria endemic countries in 2019, down from 238 million in 2000. There will be 1 million cases in 2019, accounting for about 94% of cases. Malaria is one of Ethiopia's major public health problems. This problem affects 75% of the country and 68% of the population lives in malaria risk areas. Plasmodium falciparum and Plasmodium vivax are the two major parasite species that cause human malaria in Ethiopia, with an average relative frequency of approximately 62.8% and 37.2%, respectively. In Ethiopia, malaria transmission is primarily determined by altitude and climate. Most malaria infections occur between September and December, after the main rainy season from June to August.

A retrospective review of the medical facility registry to determine the cause of inpatient morbidity for each registered child. It was conducted for 5 years to assess the contribution of malaria before and after the distribution of Long-Lasting Insecticidal Nets (LLIN). This was conducted at three selected healthcare facilities from August 2016 to July 2018. Additional retrospective assessment of all malaria and both other hospitalization causes to determine trends in malaria hospitalization at selected facilities. Infants, children under 5 years old, pregnant women, HIV / AIDS patients, and people with weak immunity who move to areas with high malaria infection rates. For comparison, monthly hospitalizations for malaria and other causes from all medical facilities in the district were also collected. In addition, an LLIN coverage survey was conducted on randomly selected households.

Intestinal parasites

In developing countries with inadequate food hygiene regulations, food processors are employed in food and beverage factories without a general intestinal parasite health check.

About their work without paying close attention to the transmission of the infection. Intestinal parasites can be transmitted directly or indirectly from food processors to consumers via food, water, nails and fingers. A study of food processors was conducted to investigate the risk factors associated with the prevalence of intestinal parasites. Studies in western Iran show that about 9% of fecal samples from grocery stores are positive for various intestinal parasites such as Giardia lamblia 2.9%, Amoeba colon 4.3%, and Blastocystis. It was done. 1.4% and Hymenolepis 0.5%. Valid health cards, knowledge of intestinal parasite infections, and participation in intestinal parasite environmental health education were negative factors.

An important role of clinical cases is to provide important practical applications and example case reports to reinforce the content of these comprehensive texts. Clinical Cases are practical for the diagnosis, management, and treatment of major tropical diseases specific to Africa, Asia, and. It provides excellent learning opportunities to deepen the concept of approach. America is endemic, not only for trainees and practitioners working in endemic developing countries, but also for migrants and travelers from affected areas, and now those suffering from poverty in North America and Europe. It should also be useful for people who work in. Clinical cases should serve as a capable learning tool for years to come.