Journal of Advanced Chemical Engineering

Abstract

Subcritical Water Extraction of Xanthone from Mangosteen (Garcinia Mangostana Linn) Pericarp

Siti Machmudah, Qifni Yasa’ Ash Shiddiqi, Achmad Dwitama Kharisma, Widiyastuti, Wahyudiono, Hideki Kanda, Sugeng Winardi and Motonobu Goto

Subcritical water extraction of phenolic compounds from mangosteen pericarps was examined at temperatures of 120-180°C and pressures of 1-5 MPa using batch and semi-batch extractor. This method is a simple and environmentally friendly extraction method requiring no chemicals other than water. Under these conditions, there is possibility for the formation of phenolic compounds from mangosteen pericarps from decomposition of bounds between lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose via autohydrolysis. In both of systems, the total phenolic content inclusive xanthone increased with increasing extraction temperature. In batch-system, the maximum yield of xanthone was 34 mg/g sample at 180°C and 3 MPa with 150 min reaction time. The total phenolic content could approach to 61 mg/g sample at 180°C and 3 MPa with 150 min extraction time. The results revealed that subcritical water extraction is applicable method for the isolation of polyphenolic compounds from other types of biomass and may lead to an advanced plant biomass components extraction technology.