Journal of Blood Disorders & Transfusion

Abstract

Red Blood Cell Alloimmunization among Multiple Blood Transfusions Sudanese Patients

Ahmed M. Elkhalifa, Anass M. Abbas, Manar G. Shalabi, Nada Yassin, Dania Z. Ahmed, Hadia A.M. Ahmed, Mohammed Abd Allah, Shaima E. Meirghani, Abdulaziz H. Alhamidi and Abozer Y. Elderdery*

Objectives: This study aims to detect the alloantibody among patients treated by repeated blood transfusion for at least three or more times.

Materials and methods: Across-sectional descriptive study design applied at Eldweem and Kosti teaching hospitals, Sudan. One hundred have blood transfusion three times or more and their age between 1-70 years old recruited in this study. Three ml of venous blood samples were collected in Ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) anticoagulant containers from each participant. For all participants, slide method for ABO blood group and Rh factor were used. Indirect Coombs test apply to detect alloantibodies by Polly Specific antihuman globulin reagents using tube method techniques.

Results: Results indicated that out of 142 multiple transfused patients; there were 82 (57.7%) males and 60 (42.3%) females, and a total of 31 samples showing detection of RBC alloantibodies, out of 82 males, 22 (26.83%) showed presence of alloantibodies and out of 60 females, 9 (15%) showed presence of alloantibodies. The participant’s mean age is 38.58 ± 20.85 years old. Patients with sickle cell anaemia represented the highest rate of detected alloantibodies (80.6%) followed by patients with renal failure and other anaemia, both with a detection rate of 9.7%. The highest occurrence of alloantibodies (5/13 (38.5%)) saw among patients who had blood transfusions more than 8 times followed by 6-8 times (11/47 (23%)), and by those having blood transfusion 3-5 times (15/82 (18%)).

Conclusion: This study has shown that frequently transfused patients are at risk of alloimmunisation, which is highly recommended to be considered when reviewing repeatedly transfused patients.

Published Date: 2021-09-28; Received Date: 2021-09-07