During the last decade, there has been a rising interest in the epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD), which is now recognized as an important public health problem worldwide. Patients with CKD are at high risk for progression to End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD); a condition often requiring costly renal replacement therapy in the form of dialysis or transplantation. Although over 2 million people now require chronic renal replacement therapy worldwide, only a minority of patients who are at risk for developing ESRD are under medical attention. Moreover, CKD is associated with eight- to ten-fold increased risk of Cardiovascular Disease (CVD) mortality. Other complications include acute kidney injury, increased risk of infection, cognitive decline, anaemia, mineral and bone disorders and fractures.
Published Date: 2024-08-29; Received Date: 2020-08-05