Biochemistry & Analytical Biochemistry

Abstract

Phytochemical Screening, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activities of Methanol Extract from Baphia longipedicellata (De Wild.) leaf

Samuel Friday Ibitoye*, Semiu Olasoju Lawal, Arhmiyahu Ayodeji Alonigbeja and Olayinka A. Adebayo

Natural compounds of plant origin have continued to gain prominence as an essential substitute for modern synthetic drug agents due to low toxicity and effect treatment or/ and management of diseases and infections by the former. The aim and objective of this study is to investigate the phytochemical constituents, in vitro antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Methanol Extract of Baphia longipedicellata leaf (MEBLL). Fresh leaves of B. longipedicellata were procured, cleaned, air-dried (25°C-28°C) for 30 days, pulverized and extracted in methanol by soaking 10 g of the leaves in 1.5 Litres methanol for 72 hours. Thereafter, it was filtered and concentrated in in a rotary evaporator at reduced temperature of 40°C. The extract was screened for possible phytochemicals present in it, different antioxidant models and antimicrobial activities using standard procedures. The results show that MEBLL contains Alkaloids, flavonoids, Cardiac glycosides, Tannis, Terpenoids and Anthraquinones. Also, the extract was displayed excellent radical scavenging activities against DPPH, ABTS, Superoxide radical, malonaldehyde and Fe³⁺ reducing power capability in a dose dependent manner relative to the standard, catechin. However, the extract is able to scavenge nitric oxide radical at high concentration, 500 µg/ml. Furthermore, the extract inhibited the growth of Staphylococus aureus, Streptococcus pneumonae, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger evident by zone of inhibition of 29.00 ± 1.32, 24.00 ± 0.78, 26.00 ± 1.67, 21.00 ± 2.34, 24.50 ± 0.30 and 25.00 ± 0.50 respectively relative to the standards, ciprofloxacin and griseofulvin. Conclusively, findings from this study revealed that methanol extract of Baphia longipedicellata leaf demonstrated excellent free radical scavenging ability, bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal actions against the various microorganisms accommodated in this study and the activities may be due to the presence of a number of phytochemicals in it.

Published Date: 2023-05-09; Received Date: 2023-04-04