Journal of Vaccines & Vaccination

Abstract

Literature Review of Sexual Risk Compensation Following Human Papillomavirus Immunization

Rebecca AG Christensen and Jane M Heffernan

Objective: To examine existing literature on behavioural risk compensation/disinhibition following Human papillomavirus (HPV) immunization.
Methods: A systematic literature review was undertaken using the terms “behavioural risk compensation or disinhibition”, “HPV vaccination or immunization”, “in humans” on Google Scholar. A supplemental review was also undertaken to examine the themes “barriers and facilitators for HPV immunization” and “strategies to increase rates of vaccination”, which were identified in the original search.
Results and Discussion: Structural barriers to vaccination such as cost, and personal barriers such as concern about the safety of the vaccination, were identified. Approximately half of the literature suggests that individuals have similar sexual health practices regardless of vaccination status. Some literature also suggests that women who are vaccinated for HPV are more likely to use a condom than their counterparts. Strategies to increase immunization uptake primarily focus on education or recommendation from primary health practitioners.
Conclusion: Barriers and facilitators for HPV vaccination appear consistent with other vaccines. Individuals who are vaccinated for HPV may be less likely to engage in high risk sexual behaviours. Further, education and support from primary health practitioners are key for increased vaccine uptake.