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Abstract
Factors Associated with Sepsis among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Bale Zone Public Hospitals, South-East Ethiopia, 2017/2018: Unmatched Case-Control Study
Gemechu Ganfure*, Feyissa Lemessa, Bikila Lencha, Ashenafi Mekonen, Fetene Kasahun and Bedasa W Mikael
Background: Neonatal sepsis is a major cause of newborn deaths worldwide and one of the main factors contributing to high neonatal mortality. The incidence of neonatal sepsis varies from country to country and mostly diagnosed in developing countries. This study was aimed to determine the factors associated with neonatal sepsis among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit in Bale zone public hospitals, Oromia region, south-east Ethiopia, 2017/2018.
Method: An institution based unmatched case-control study was conducted in neonatal intensive care units of public hospitals in Bale zone, Oromia region, southeast Ethiopia. Pretested structured questionnaire was used to collect the data. Ninety-seven (97) cases and 194 controls were calculated by using a 1:2 ratio with Openepi version 2.3.1. Cases were selected using systematic random sampling with their index mother whereas controls were selected conveniently for each case. Data was entered using epidata 3.1 and analyzed using SPSS version 21. The result was reported using crude and adjusted odds ratios with their 95% confidence interval.
Results: Ninety-seven cases and 194 controls were included with a response rate of 100%. The identified risk factors were maternal age (AOR=8.018; 95% CI (1.2, 52.1)), APGAR score less than 7 at the 1st minute (AOR=2.2; 95% CI (1.0, 4.6)) and 5th minute (AOR=4.5; 95% CI (1.5, 13.0)) minute and neonatal birth weight of ≥ 2500 gm (AOR=6.1; 95% CI (2.1, 17.5)).
Conclusion: Both maternal and neonatal factors had contributed to the risk of neonatal sepsis. Maternal age, low APGAR score at 1st and 5th minutes and low birth weight were identified as independent risk factors of neonatal sepsis. Strengthening of antenatal screening of mothers, perinatal care of newborns and interventions of babies born with complications should be sought for all newborns.
Published Date: 2024-07-29; Received Date: 2019-11-20