Journal of Clinical and Medical Sciences

Abstract

Assessment of Serum Electrolyte Levels and HbA1C Levels among Type 2 Diabetic Sudanese Patients with Macrovascular Complications in Khartoum State

Ragda Hafaz Ramadan and Abdulmwla Muhammed Abdullah*

Background: Recently epidemiological studies have shown that type 2 diabetes mellitus is great a risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Electrolyte abnormalities are commonly encountered in chronic diabetes mellitus type 2 patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to estimate serum electrolyte levels and HbA1C levels among Sudanese diabetic patients with macrovascular complications in Khartoum state, Sudan.

Materials and methods: in this case control hospital based study conducted in, Khartoum state. Hundred subjects were involved, fifty were type 2 diabetes patients and fifty healthy subjects control group sex and age matched. Serum Na and K levels estimated by automated biochemistry analyzer (Easylyte electrolyte) and HbA1C by automated biochemistry analyzer.

Result: The mean serum level of sodium and potassium in type 2 diabetes patients were significantly decreased (137.7 ± 4.05 vs. 139.8 ± 3.62 mmol/l, p=0.008 and 3.60 ± 0.20 vs. 3.92 ± 0.22 mmol/l, p=0.03 respectively ). Where as HA1C level showed significant increases in the test group when compared with reference group (9.68 ± 1.24 vs. 5.44 ± 0.42%, P=0.000). Across gender our study observed no significant alteration in serum Na and K levels (p>0.05) in type 2 diabetic patients. Furthermore serum Na+ level was significantly correlated K⁺ (R=0.369, p=0.008). Where as both Na⁺ and K⁺ were in significantly correlated with patients age, HbA1c (%) and duration of DM (p>0.05). In contrast HA1C is significantly correlated with the duration of diabetes (R-=0.425, P=0.002).

Conclusion: Our study revealed significant alterations in electrolyte levels in type 2 diabetes mellitus and proper hyperglycemic control with evaluation of electrolyte levels can reduce the complication accompanied with electrolyte disbalance in type2 DM.

Published Date: 2024-07-29; Received Date: 2020-01-23